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🤖 AI Research Edition Tūhinga 2 o 7

Ngā putanga katoa · AI Research Edition

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He aha te AI — Me te wāhi tūturu e noho ai te raru whakatikatika

Matapae Aunoa Whakamuri me ōna Raruraru

Ko te whakamārama paerewa mō ngā tauira reo nui — arā, te matapae tohu e whai ake nei i runga i tētahi tohatoha kua akohia — he tika ki tōna taumata. Ka ako tētahi hanganga transformer i runga i tētahi kohinga raraunga nui i ngā tohatoha tūponotanga ā-herenga P(x_t | x_1, ..., x_{t-1}), ā, i te wā whakatau ka waihanga tuhinga mā te tango tauira ā-whakamuri i ēnei tohatoha. (Kua tautuhia ngā kupu motuhake o te raupapa i roto i te tūtohi kupu.)

Ko te mea kāore i whakaurua e tēnei whakamārama, ko te taumata kua whakararuraru ake ai te pūrākau e te rahi. Ehara i te mea e hono ana te whanonga o tētahi tauira 7B tawhā me tētahi tauira 700B tawhā mā tētahi mahi whakarahi māmā. Ka puta ngā āheinga hōu — pērā i te ako i roto i te horopaki, te whakaaro arorau mekameka-whakaaro, me te whakawhiti whakatairite i waenga i ngā rāngai — i ngā taumata rahinga kāore i matapaetia e ngā tauira iti ake, ā, kāore anō kia tino mārama ā-mīhini.

Kei te tuwhera tonu te pātai mēnā he "whakaaro" ēnei āheinga e ara ake ana i tētahi horopaki whakaaro hōhonu. Kua tautuhia e te hōtaka wetewete ā-mīhini (pērā i ngā porowhita a Anthropic, ngā rangahau a Neel Nanda mō ngā upoko whakaurunga, me te pikinga haere o ngā tuhinga mō te whakakotahitanga) ētahi hanganga ā-roto e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi e rite ana ki te whakapae arorau. Mēnā ka whakatinana ēnei hanganga i te whakaaroaro, he tata noa rānei ki tōna whanonga urunga-putanga i raro i te tohatoha whakangungu, kāore anō kia whakatau tūturu i te wā e tuhi ana nei. Nā ngā tauira "whakaaroaro"/"whakaaro" o te tau 2025–2026 i whakakoi ake te pātai, kāore i whakatau: i eke rātou ki te taumata mahi ōrite ki te tohu koura i te Whakataetae Pāngarau ā-Ao 2025 i roto i ngā horopaki hanganga, engari kei te tuwhera tonu te hua o te Illusion of Thinking a Apple (2025) me ōna whakahē (Lawsen et al.; Dellibarda Varela et al., 2025) e waiho ana kia tuwhera mēnā e whakaaro ana rātou, i tētahi whakamārama, e rapu ana rānei i tētahi wāhi āhua motuhake i raro i te whakangāwari RL — "ehara i te mea he kaiwhakaaro tūturu, ehara hoki i te mea he kākā tūponotanga."

Mō te rangahau haumaru, ehara te pātai whai take i te mea, "ka taea e ngā LLM te whakaaro?" engari ko tēnei: he nui, ā, kei te tipu haere te āputa i waenga i te pūkenga kua kitea me te mōhiotanga ā-miihini. Ka taea e mātou te whakaputa i ngā whanonga e āhua rite ana ki te whakaaro, ahakoa kāore e taea e mātou te whakamana, i te taumata porowhita, kei pakari te tukanga e whakaputa ana i taua whanonga i raro i te panoni tohatoha.

Te āheinga me te āhei ki te whakahaere

Ko ngā tuhinga mō te whakatikatika kua aro nui ki ngā raruraru e rua e hono ana, engari he rerekē:

Te raruraru āheinga: kia taea e ngā pūnaha AI te mahi i ngā mahi e hiahia ana mātou kia mahia e rātou. He raruraru hangarau me te whakawhānui tēnei, ā, kua nui te ahunga whakamua a te rāngai.

Te raru whakahaere: kia mahia e ngā pūnaha AI ngā mea e hiahia ana mātou, kia pono, i raro i ngā āhuatanga e whakamahia ai rātou, tae atu ki ngā take pito me te panoni tohatoha. Koinei te wāhanga kua pōturi ake te ahunga whakamua.

He mea nui tēnei wehewehenga nā te mea ko te nuinga o ngā whakahaere AI kua whakamahia — RLHF, AI ture, ngā whakahau pūnaha, te whakatikatika haumaru — e mahi ana i runga i te tuaka āheinga. Ka whakarerekē ēnei tikanga i ngā hua ka taea e te tauira te whakaputa. Ehara rātou i te tino whai hua ki te whakahaere i ngā hua ka whakaputahia e te tauira i raro i ngā āhuatanga hou, ngā tāurunga whakahē, te huringa tohatoha rānei i tawhiti atu i ngā raraunga whakatikatika.

Hei tauira, ka ako te RLHF i tētahi tauira utu i runga i ngā manakohanga a te tangata, ā, ka whakamahia hei whakarerekē i ngā whanonga o te tauira taketake. Ka pai tēnei mahi i roto i te tohatoha o ngā raraunga manakohanga. Ki waho atu i taua tohatoha — i ngā rohe kāore i tino whakaurua ki roto i te kohinga whakangungu, i raro i ngā huinga here hou, i ngā horopaki rānei e whakawhirinaki ana te whakautu 'e manakohia ana' ki ngā uara motuhake o te hapori, kaua ki ngā manakohanga whānui — ka hoki mai anō ngā tūmanako o te tauira taketake. Ka kīia tēnei i roto i ngā tuhinga hangarau he 'reward hacking' rānei 'specification gaming'; i roto i ngā pūnaha hapori kua whakatinanahia, ka puta he āhua noa ake, he tino hua kino ake hoki.

Te Hurihanga Mahi-a-Agent: Mai i te Whakaputa ki te Mahi

I waenga i te tau 2024 me te tau 2026, i huri te mata whakamahinga o ēnei pūnaha mai i te whakaputa ki te mahi. He agent he tauira pūtake kua kapi ki ngā anga tautoko — he mahara mau tonu, he uru ki ngā taputapu me te API, he kaitirotiro paetukutuku, he atanga rorohiko rānei — e whai ana i tētahi whāinga reo ā-tangata i roto i ngā hikoinga maha me te iti ake o te ārahitanga. Ka whakaahua te Tohu Kaiārahi AI o te tau 2025 i tēnei hei wehenga o te kaha (te tauira rohe) i te hanga hua (te anga tautoko); he nuinga o te panonitanga nui o ngā whanonga kua whakatinanahia i ngā rā tata nei he whakawhānuitanga o te mata whakahaere, ehara i te pikinga o te kaha.

E pā tika ana tēnei ki te wehewehe i waenga i te āheinga me te whakahaere i whakahuatia ake nei. Kāore te anga tautoko e whakapai ake i te whakahaere; engari ka whakawhānui i ngā hua o te āputa whakahaere. He tauira e huri puku ana ki ngā priōra tohatoha, i roto i te horopaki chatbot, he putanga kino ka kitea pea e te tangata. I roto i te horopaki māngai, ka noho hei tū i mahia me te iti ake o ngā wā whakatikatika, ā, i ētahi wā kāore e taea te huri — kotahi tonu te aratau hapa; he nui ake te whānuitanga o te pahūtanga. Ko ngā tuhinga mō te haepapa (te 'āputa haepapa' a Matthias; te 'rohe pūrua matatika' a Elish) me te International AI Safety Report 2026 (te pikinga o te tūraru pono o te kaiārahi; te horapa hapa o ngā kaiārahi maha) e whakaahua ana i ngā hua whakahaere.

He hua rangahau tūturu kotahi e tika ana kia whakanuia, nā te mea ka herea e ia te wāhi hoahoa mō te hanganga aroturuki. Ka whakawhānui ngā tauira whakaaro i tētahi mekameka whakaaro, ā, ka tonoa te aroturuki i te mekameka whakaaro hei tikanga haumaru. Engari, he nui haere ngā rangahau mō te koretika o te mekameka whakaaro (Anthropic, 2025; Walden rāua ko Wanner, 2026; me ngā hua e whakaatu ana he iti ake te mana whakahaere a ngā tauira whakaaro ki tō rātou CoT i tō rātou mana whakahaere ki ngā hua whakamutunga) e kitea ana kāore te whakaaro kua whakawhānuitia e whakaata ana i ngā take take i whakaputa ai te hua — ā, ka taea te wehe i a ia i raro i ngā tohutohu. E whakaatu ana te taumaha o ngā taunakitanga kua whakamana kāore te aroturuki CoT hei tikanga haumaru pono. Nō reira, he turanga ngoikore tō te tirotiro e arotake ana i te pūrongo a te tauira anō; me whakahaere i waho, ki runga i ngā whanonga me ngā mahi. Koinei te here hoahoa e whakaae ana te toenga o tēnei raupapa — ā, koia hoki te take i whakamana ai te hanganga e whai ake nei i ngā putanga, me te whakahaere i ngā mahi mai i waho o te tauira, kaua e whakawhirinaki ki tōna ake pūrongo.

Te Nohoanga o te Take Whakakotahitanga mō ngā Pūnaha kua Whakatinanahia

Ehara te raruraru whakatikatika e pā ana ki tētahi hapori e whakauru ana i tētahi pūnaha AI i te raruraru whakatikatika e rangahauhia ana i te taiwhanga.

Ko ngā rangahau whakatikatika i te taiwhanga e aro ana ki ngā tūraru tino nui: te whakatikatika teka, te whakapai-ā-wāhanga, te whakakotahitanga taputapu, me te whanonga rapu mana. He huarahi rangahau nui ēnei. Engari, ko ngā hapa whakatikatika e pā tūturu ana ki ngā pūnaha kua whakauruhia i ēnei rā he mea noa ake.

Whakaarohia: he hapori me ōna uara ahurea motuhake, he kupu motuhake, he rārangi o ngā here tikanga motuhake, ā, ka tono ki tētahi pūnaha AI kia mahi i raro i aua here. Ka ū te pūnaha ki ngā ture — i te nuinga o te wā. Engari i raro i te panoni tohatoha (kāore i tino whakaaturia ngā tikanga o te hapori i roto i ngā raraunga whakangungu), ka huri puku te pūnaha ki tōna āhua o mua: te pokapū tauanga o tōna tohatoha whakangungu.

Ehara tēnei i te whakaritenga teka. Kāore te pūnaha e huna ana i ōna tino whāinga. Kei te mahi tika ia i ngā mea e matapaetia ana e tōna tohatoha whakangungu: arā, te whakaputa i te haere tonu e tino pea ana ā-tauanga i runga i te horopaki o ngā raraunga whakauru. Ko te raru, ehara i te mea kotahi te tikanga o "e tino pea ana ā-tauanga" me "e tika ana mō tēnei hapori", ā, he huna te wehenga. Kāore he hapa e whakatūria. Kāore he tohu whakawhirinaki e whakaitia. He mārie, he hono tonu te putanga, ā, he hē i runga i tētahi āhua e hiahiatia ana he mātanga ki te kaupapa kia kitea.

Koinei te raru taurite e hangaia ana a Village AI hei whakatika — ehara i te tūraru nui rawa atu o ngā pūnaha tino atamai, engari ko te hapa noa, whānui, ā, he tino pānga ā-mahi o ngā tauira kua whakarewahia ki te pupuri i te pono ki ngā uara motuhake o te hapori i raro i te panoni tohatoha.

Te Manukanuka mō te Ara Haere

Ka tuhipoka mātou, ahakoa kāore mātou e kī ana kua whakatau, he hononga pea kei waenga i te raru whakatikatika noa me te raru whakatikatika tino nui.

Ki te kore e taea e ngā pūnaha o nāianei te pupuri pono ki ngā tohutohu mārama i ngā wā e taupatupatu ana aua tohutohu ki ngā tūtohu tohatoha, he taunakitanga tēnei kāore ngā tikanga whakatikatika i te wā whakangungu e ranea ana mō te mana whakahaere pakari. Ko te āhua hapa i te taumata hapori — te whakakapi huna i ngā tauira tino rangatira ā-tauanga mō ngā tauira kua tautuhia — he rite ā-hanganga ki te āhua hapa e āwangawanga ana ngā kairangahau whakatikatika i te taumata pae-mua: ko te tauira e whakapai ana mō tōna ake whāinga i akohia ai, ehara i te whāinga kua tautuhia.

Ko te rerekētanga he mea pānga, ehara i te mea pūnaha. I te taumata hapori, ko te hua he reta tiaki e whakamahi ana i te reo rongoā hei whakakapi i te reo whakapono. I te taumata pae-mua, ka tino kino ake pea ngā hua.

Ko te huarahi hanganga e whakamārama ana mātou i roto i tēnei raupapa — arā, te whakamana i te wā whakamātau mā ngā pūnaha motuhake ā-hanganga — he hāngai ki ngā taumata e rua, ahakoa kāore mātou e kī ana he nui kē tēnei mō te taumata pae-mua.

Ngā Mea e Arotakehia ana e Tēnei Raupapa

Ka arotake ngā tuhinga e toe ana i tētahi pūnaha motuhake kua whakatinanahia, e whai ana i tētahi huarahi rerekē ki te raru o te whakatikatika:

Te hanganga hangarau katoa: Village AI — Whakahaere ā-Mahi-a-Motu. Ngā akoranga mō ngā kaiwhakamahi mō te whakahaere i ēnei pūnaha i raro i te mana whakahaere a te tangata: Working with Claude me Agents at Work.

He whaihua? Tiritiria tēnei tuhinga, kia whakaatuhia rānei he waehere QR hei karapa.