Ngā putanga katoa · Leadership Edition

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He aha tūturu te AI (me ngā mea kāore ia)

I Panoni te AI i a Koutou e Whiriwhiri Ana

Kua rongo pea koe i ngā kōrero e mea ana ka huri kē te mātauranga hangarau i ngā ratonga tūmatanui, te whakahaere hapori, me te āhua e whakahaere ana ngā whakahaere. Tērā pea kua rongo hoki koe i ngā kōrero e mea ana kua whakatairangahia rawa, kāore rānei e taea e ia te mahi i tētahi mea tino hou. E hē ana ngā taha e rua i te kaupapa matua, ā, mā te mārama ki te take ka tautoko i ngā whakataunga whakahaere pai ake.

Engari, he take tuatahi me mōhio ai ngā poari me ngā kaunihera katoa: kua tino rerekē te AI i te wā tonu i whiriwhiria ai e ngā whakahaere mēnā me whakamahi rānei.

I tētahi tau ki muri, i te nuinga o te wā i kī ai te tangata "AI," he chatbot tā rātou e kī ana — he pūnaha ka pātai koe, ā, ka whakahoki mai i ngā tuhinga. Ka pātai koe, ka whakahoki mai ia. I tēnei rā, kua huri te pokapū taumaha. Ehara i ngā chatbot anake e whakautu ana ngā pūnaha e tino kukume ana i te aro me te haumi. He kaiārahi ēnei e mahi ana — ka whakakī rātou i ngā puka, ka tuku karere, ka tirotiro, ka whakahaere pakihi hoki i te ipurangi, ka whakahaere i ētahi atu pūmanawa, ā, ka whai i ngā whāinga maha-hipanga me te iti o te ārahitanga.

Ko tēnei panoni te mea tino nui rawa atu kia mārama ai tētahi rōpū whakahaere, nā te mea ka huri i te āhua o ngā tūraru o te whakamahinga. Hei whakaaroaro mō te AI i ēnei rā, me wehewehe ngā ariā e rua:

• Te pūnaha — te tauira kei raro, te wāhanga e whakaputa ana i te reo.
• Te māngai — te pūnaha kua whakamahia ki te mahi, kua whirihorahia kia taea ai e ia te mahi i ngā mahi i te ao mō te rōpū.

Kua piki ake te kaha o te pūnaha. Engari ko te panonitanga nui mō tētahi rōpū e kawenga ana i te tiaki, ko ngā mea e hanga ana ināianei ki te taha o te pūnaha. Ka tirohia tātou ia mea kotahi i te wā. (Mēnā he kupu kāore koe i te mōhio i roto i tēnei raupapa — engine, agent, reasoning model, me ērā atu — kua whakamāramahia ki te reo māmā i roto i te rārangi kupu.)

Te Pūnaha: He Mīhini e Matapae Ana

Anei te whakamārama tino māmā mō ngā mahi a te pūnaha: ka matapae ia i te kupu e whai ake nei.

Ka patopato tētahi tangata i tētahi pātai ki tētahi chatbot, kāore te pūnaha e whakaaroaro ana mō te pātai pērā i te āhua e whakaaroaro ai tētahi kaikaunihera, tētahi kaitiaki rānei mō tētahi pepa poari. Kei te mahi ia i tētahi mea ā-mīhini ake. Kua whakaaturia ki a ia ngā piriona whārangi tuhinga — ture, pūrongo, reta, pepa hangarau, tuhinga pāpāho, pāpāho pāpori, tuhinga hauora — ā, i puta ake i ēnei mea katoa, kua ako ia i ngā tauira. Ka pātai koe ki a ia, ka waihanga ia i tētahi whakautu mā te matapae, kotahi kupu i ia wā, he aha te āhua o tētahi whakautu whai tikanga i runga i ngā mea katoa kua tukatukahia e ia i mua.

He tino whaihua tēnei. Ka taea e tētahi pūnaha kua ngau i ngā tauira o ngā piriona whārangi tuhinga te āwhina ki te tuhi reta, ki te whakarāpopoto i ngā tuhinga roa, ki te whakautu i ngā pātai mō ngā kōrero pono, ki te tūtohu rānei me pēhea te whakahua i tētahi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matatini. He pūkenga tūturu ēnei, ā, ka taea e rātou te whakaiti i te kawenga whakahaere.

Engari i tōna pūtake, kei te whakakōtui tauira te pūnaha i runga i tētahi taumata whakamīharo. Ko tērā kōrero kotahi e whakamārama ana i tōna whaihua nui me tōna āhua hē motuhake — he kaupapa e huri ana i roto i tēnei raupapa.

Ka taea e te Pūnaha te Whakaaroaro?

He pātai hōhonu ake e rangahaua ana e ngā kairangahau, ā, ko te whakautu māmā: kāore anō mātou kia mōhio.

I te wā i whakaputa ai e ngā pūnaha AI tuatahi he tuhinga tōtika, i tika kia kīia rātou he pūnaha taurite tauira matatau, ā, kia mutu i reira. Engari, he reanga hou ake o ngā pūnaha — e kīia nuitia ana he tauira "tātaritanga" (reasoning) rānei "whakaaro" (thinking) — e mahi ana i tētahi mea rerekē. Kāore e whakautu wawe ana; ka whakawhiti i tētahi raru i ngā hipanga, ka whakaputa i tētahi aho kitea o ngā tātaritanga waenga i mua i te whakatau i tētahi whakautu, ā, ka roa ake te wā ki ngā raru uaua ake. He tino whakamīharo ngā hua: i te tau 2025, i whakatau e ngā pūnaha whakaaro nō ngā whare rangahau matua neke atu i te kotahi ngā raru nō te Whakataetae Pāngarau ā-Ao (International Mathematical Olympiad) — tētahi o ngā whakataetae pāngarau tino uaua rawa atu i te ao — i te taumata e rite ana ki tētahi tangata toa koura.

Nō reira, he whakaaro tēnei, he tino matatau rānei te whakakapi tauira e rite ana ki te whakaaro?

Kei te tino pōraruraru te rangahau, ā, kāore ngā kairangahau tino mātau e whakaae. I kī tētahi rangahau whai mana i te tau 2025 e whakaatu ana ēnei pūnaha i te "whakapae o te whakaaro" — ka hinga rātou ki ētahi raruraru i runga i ngā huarahi kāore e mahia e tētahi kaiwhakaaro tūturu. I whakahē ētahi atu urupare tino whai mana i tēnei whakaaro. Ko te whakatau tino āta o nāianei, kāore ngā tauira whakaaro o ēnei rā i te tangata whakaaro tūturu, ā, kāore hoki i te kākā noa iho — he mea tino hou rātou kāore anō kia tino mārama. Ko te hunga e kī ana ka taea e te AI te whakaaro, kāore rānei, e tino tautokohia ana e ngā taunakitanga, ā, kei te whakawhānui rātou i ngā kōrero.

He mea whai pānga tika ki te whakahaere tētahi o ngā kitenga, ā, he māmā te pānui hē. Ina whakaatu ēnei pūnaha i ā rātou "whakaaro", kāore taua mekameka e kitea ana e whakaata pono ana i ngā take i akiaki ai i te whakautu. Kua kitea anō e ngā kairangahau, i ngā wā maha, ka taea e te arorau kua whakapuakina e tētahi tauira te whakakore i ngā awe tūturu ki tōna whakatau — ehara i te mea nā te teka (kāore he hiahia a te pūnaha) engari nā te mea ko ngā kupu e whakaatuhia ana he kuputuhi matapaetia, ehara i te pānui pono i tētahi tukanga ā-roto. Ko te hua whaihua mō tētahi rōpū whakahaere: kāore e taea e koe te whakakore i tētahi haepapa aroturuki mā te pānui noa i te whakamārama e tukuna ana e te AI mōna ake. E hiahiatia ana kia whakatauritea te putanga ki ngā pūrongo a te whakahaere anō — kaua e whakawhirinaki ki te pūrongo a te pūnaha mōna ake. Ka hoki anō tātou ki tēnei i te Tuhinga 3, ā, he tino hāngai tēnei ki ngā tūmanako mō te "tika ki te whakamārama" i raro i te GDPR me te Ture AI o te EU.

Ko te mea ka taea te kī me te māia, he tino tere te ahunga whakamua. I ngā tau kua pahure ake nei, he uaua noa iho i ēnei pūnaha ki te whakaputa i tētahi wāhanga tuhinga e mārama ana. I tēnei rā, ka tuhi rātou i ngā tuhinga, ka angitu i ngā whakamātautau ngaio, ka waihanga waehere rorohiko, ā, kei te piki haere te whakahaere i ngā mahi o te ao, kaua e whakamārama noa iho. Ka nui ake anō ngā āheinga i roto i ngā tau e rua, e toru rānei e heke mai nei.

"Kāore e Taea e te AI te Mahi i tētahi Mea Hou" — Kei runga i tāu e Kī ana ko te "Hou"

Ko te hunga e whakakore ana i te AI mā te kī kāore e taea e ia te waihanga i tētahi mea taketake, e whakapuaki ana i tētahi kōrero he tika mō ētahi āhuatanga iti, engari he whakapohehe whānui.

Kāore e taea e tētahi tauira reo te whakaputa i tētahi mea mai i te wheako. Kāore anō ia kia noho ki tētahi uiuitanga tūmatanui i riri ai ngā kainoho. Kāore anō ia kia rongo i te taumaha o tētahi whakataunga pūtea e pā ana ki te oranga o te hapori. Kāore e taea e ia te mārama he aha te take i hira ai ngā kupu tika o tētahi whakataunga a te kaunihera — ka taea noa e ia te whakahoki i ngā tauira e ōrite ana ā-tauanga ki te mārama. I tēnei horopaki, he whakakotahitanga anō o ngā rauemi i kohia i te wā whakangungu ngā mea katoa e whakaputaina ana e ia.

Engari, whakaarohia he aha te tikanga o te "whakakotahitanga anō" i tēnei taumata. Kāore he tangata kotahi i pānui i ia wāhanga o ngā ture kāwanatanga ā-rohe, ia pūrongo ā-tau a ngā whakahaere pono ā-hapori, ia pepa mātauranga mō te whakahaere ā-pāpāpori, me ia aromatawai pānga whakahaere o ngā tekau tau kua pahure. Ka hono te AI i te ariā whakahaere maha-pokapū me ngā tikanga whakawhanaketanga hapori, ā, tērā pea he tino hou taua hononga ki ia kaipānui takitahi, ahakoa i noho wehe ngā whakaaro e rua i mua. Ehara i te mea hou ngā atoma, engari ko ngā pūtau.

Nō reira, he pono te kī "kāore he mea hou ka taea e te AI" i te taumata whakaputa, ā, he hē i te taumata whakakotahitanga. He mea nui ngā āhuatanga e rua, ā, kia whakahaerehia tēnei hangarau i runga i te haepapa, me mau tonu ki ngā āhuatanga e rua.

Mai i te Whakautu ki te Mahi: Te Ājenti

Koinei te panoni nui rawa atu e pā ana ki te whakahaere.

Mo te nuinga o te ao chatbot, ko te kino rawa ka taea e te AI te mahi tika, ko te whakahoki i tētahi whakautu koretake. Kāore te kino i puta mēnā kāore tētahi tangata i mahi i runga i taua whakautu — i tuku i te reta whakapohehe, i whakawhirinaki ki te tau hē, i tuku whakamua i te tohutohu hē. He tangata tonu kei waenganui i te mīhini me te hua.

Ka tango te kaiārahi i taua tangata i te porowhita, nā te hoahoa.

He pūnaha tētahi kaiārahi AI kua kapi i ngā mea e kīia ana e ngā kairangahau ko te "tūāpapa" — he mahara hei whai i tētahi mahi, he uru ki tētahi pūtirotiro paetukutuku, te āhei ki te whakahaere pūmanawa me ētahi atu taputapu, me tētahi whāinga kua whakamāramahia ki te reo mārama. Mā taua anga tautoko, ka whai te pūnaha i te whāinga puta noa i ngā hikoinga maha me te iti ake o te ārahitanga: ka rapu, ka whakatau, ka mahi, ka tirotiro, ā, ka mahi anō. Ka whakautu tētahi chatbot. Ka mahi tētahi māngai.

Mō tētahi poari, koinei tonu te wāhi ka rerekē ai te aromatawai tūraru. Ina mahi aunoa te pūnaha, he iti ake ngā wāhi ka taea e te tangata te urutau; kāore e taea te whakahoki i ētahi mahi; ā, ina mahi tētahi māngai i runga i te ingoa o te whakahaere, ā, he hē te putanga, ka tino uaua te toha haepapa — i waenga i te āpiha i tautuhi i te whāinga, te kaiwhakarato i whiriwhiri i ngā hikoinga mā tōna pūnaha, me te rōpū i whakaae kia whakamahia. Ka whakaahua ngā kairangahau i te "āputa haepapa" me te "rohe pakaru matatika" e puta ana, ā, kei reira ka taka te kawenga ki te tangata tata rawa ahakoa kāore ia i whai mana tūturu. Ehara tēnei i te mea tāpiri noa ki ngā ture: ko te whakahau a te Ture AI o te EU kia whai tirohanga ā-tangata whai tikanga, he herenga ā-ture tēnei kia kaua e kati tēnei porowhita mehemea kāore he tangata e āhei ki te urutau. Ko te whakataunga a tētahi rōpū whakahaere e aromatawai ana i tētahi pūnaha māngai, ko tērā tonu te mea e aromatawaihia ana — mēnā he hanganga te tirohanga, he mea oati noa rānei.

Te Take Tūturu: Nā wai ngā Tauira, ā, nā wai ngā Ringa e Whakahaere ana?

Anei te wāhi ka whai tikanga ai tēnei mō tō whakahaere.

Ka whakangungua tētahi pūnaha AI nui ki te ipurangi, ka ngotea e ia ngā hēhē, ngā whakapae, me ngā taunoa ahurea o te ipurangi. He nuinga ake te ipurangi i te reo Ingarihi, nō te ao Hauāuru, he arotahi ki ngā pakihi, ā, i hangaia e ngā uara o te rāngai hangarau. Ehara tēnei i te kaupapa huna — koinei noa iho te hua o te whakangungu i tētahi pūnaha ki ngā raraunga e tino tohu ana i tētahi ahurea kotahi me tētahi rārangi kaupapa kotahi.

He huna ngā pānga, engari he tūturu. Ina tuku pātai tētahi kainoho mō tētahi tautohetohe uaua ki tētahi hoa noho tata, ka huri te pūnaha ki te reo o ngā mana tangata takitahi me ngā rongoā ā-ture — nā te mea koirā te nuinga o ngā raraunga whakangungu i whakamahia — kaua ki te whakawhiti kōrero, ki ngā herenga ā-hapori, ki te tirohanga whānui rānei. Ka tono tētahi kaimahi o te kaunihera kia tuhi ia i tētahi whakamōhio mō tētahi take whakamahere matatini, ka whakamahi ia i te reo whakahaere hunga whai pānga ā-pakihi, nā te mea he nui rawa atu ngā karere pakihi i ngā karere ā-hapori i roto i ngā raraunga i ako ai ia.

Ehara te pūnaha i te mea e whawhai ana ki ngā uara ā-hapori. Kāore noa iho ia e mōhio ana ki ēnei. E mōhio ana ia ki ngā mea e auau ana i ngā tatauranga, ā, ehara i ngā mea e auau ana i ngā tatauranga i te mea tino hāngai mō ōu kaitautoko.

I te ao o ngā chatbot, nā taua hē i ārahi i te tuhi i arotakengia e tētahi kaimahi. I te ao o ngā māngai, ka ārahi anō taua huarahi whakaaro i ngā tūnga mahi a te whakahaere — ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i tukuna, ngā rekoata i whakaurua, ngā oati i mahia — tērā pea i mua i te arotake a tētahi kaimahi. Nō reira, e rua ngā wāhanga o te pātai whakahaere ināianei: ko ngā tauira a wai e kawea ana e te pūnaha, ā, ko wai te tangata e pupuri ana i ngā mana whakahaere ina mahi ana ia?

He aha te take i tino hira ai tēnei mō ngā rōpū whakahaere ināianei

Kāore he tangata e mōhio pono ana he aha ka tupu mēnā ka whakawhanake tētahi pūnaha AI i tētahi mea e rite ana ki tōna ake hiahia — arā, ngā kaupapa pea kāore e hāngai ana ki ngā hiahia o ngā hapori e mahi ana ia mō rātou. E ai ki te āhua, kei tawhiti tonu tātou i tērā taumata. Engari ko te hanganga e whakaaetia ana ināianei, me ngā tikanga whakahaere kua whakatūria i tēnei rā, ka whakatau mēnā kua rite tētahi whakahaere, mēnā rānei ka mōhio rānei ia i te wā kua tōmuri kua tuku i te mana whakahaere, ā, kāore i kite.

Ehara tēnei i te whakapae noa. He kitenga māmā tēnei mō te whakarite a ngā whakahaere. He ture matua tō kaunihera. He ture tūnga tō poari. He tuhinga whakahaere tō whakawhirinaki. E noho ana ēnei ehara i te mea ka hinga ki te raruraru ia hui, engari nā te mea me whai wāhi ngā hanganga whakahaere i mua i te wā e hiahiatia ana, ehara i muri iho.

Ka hāngai anō tēnei mātāpono ki te AI, ā, e whakaata tika ana tēnei aronga i roto i te Ture AI o te EU (Ture Whakahaere 2024/1689) — arā, te whakatū i ngā anga whakahaere i mua i te tere ake o te hangarau i te āheinga whakahaere ture. Ko te taenga mai o ngā pūnaha māngai e whakapiki ana i te tūraru: tērā pea ka kore e taea e tētahi whakahaere e whakamahi ana i te AI e mahi ana, me te kore he tirohanga hanganga i whakaritea, te whakamārama i ngā whakataunga i mahia i tōna ingoa — he tūnga kāore i te pai i runga i ngā herenga whakawhirinaki, ā, e tūwhera ana ki ngā ture.

E Rua ngā Ara ki Mua

E rua ngā huarahi ka taea e tētahi whakahaere te whai wāhi ki te AI.

Ko te ara tuatahi ko te whakamahi i te AI a ngā Kamupene Hangarau Nui — pērā i a ChatGPT, Google Gemini, rānei Microsoft Copilot, me ngā māngai e hangaia ana ki runga i ēnei. He kaha, he māmā te whakamahi, ā, he iti te utu i te nuinga o te wā. Engari, he here ā rātou. Ka rere ō raraunga ki ā rātou tūmau. Ka haere ō whakawhitiwhiti kōrero — ā, ināianei ngā mahi a tō māngai rorohiko — i roto i ngā pūnaha kāore koe e whakahaere. Ka whakahaerehia te whanonga o te AI e ngā kaupapa here a te kamupene, ā, ka taea e rātou te huri i ēnei kaupapa here me te kore whakaaetanga a koe. Ā, ko ngā tauira e mau ana i a ia ka tautuhia e āna raraunga whakangungu, kāore koe e whai mana ki runga i ēnei raraunga. I raro i te GDPR, ka ara ake ngā pātai mō te rangatiratanga raraunga, te tūāpapa ture mō te tukatuka, me te tika ki te whakamārama, ā, me whakatau ēnei e ia rōpū whakahaere i mua i te whakamahinga — he pātai e mārō ake ana, ehara i te mea e ngohengohe ana, ina mahi aunoa te pūnaha.

Ko te ara tuarua ko te whakamahi i te AI e whakahaere ana tō whakahaere. He pūnaha kua arotahi ake, kua whakangungua ki ō ihirangi, e oma ana i runga i ngā hanganga kei roto i tō mana whakahaere, ā, e whakahaerehia ana e ngā ture i whakaritea e tō poari, e tō kaunihera rānei. He pūnaha e mōhio ana ki te rerekētanga i waenga i te meneti kaunihera me te pou rangitaki, nā te mea nā ngā pūrongo a tō whakahaere i ako ai. He pūnaha e tirotirohia ana āna whakautu ki ōu tuhinga tūturu mā ngā paparanga whakamana e mahi motuhake ana i te AI — ā, kua herea āta tōna āhei ki te mahi, kia taea tonu e tētahi tangata e kawenga ana ki ōu mema te urutau.

Koinei te āhua o Village AI. Ehara ia i te pūnaha AI kaha rawa atu e wātea ana. I hangaia kia whai kawenga ki tō hapori — ki ō ihirangi, ō uara, me tō anga whakahaere — kia mau tonu hoki te mana ki ngā tāngata e pupuri ana i taua mana ina huri te AI i te whakautu ki te mahi.

Ka whakamārama te tuhinga e whai ake nei me pēhea te rerekētanga hanganga o Village AI i te AI o Big Tech, me te take he mea nui ake tēnei rerekētanga i te mana mata.

E hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi pai, kia haumaru hoki, i ngā taputapu AI pēnei i ēnei? Mā ā mātou akoranga kore utu — Te Mahi me Claude me Ngā Āpiha i te Mahi — e whakaako ana i ngā pūkenga whaihua, mai i te tiki whakautu pono, tae noa ki te whakatau he aha hei tuku ki tētahi āpiha. Mō te hanganga hangarau katoa kei muri i te Village AI, tirohia Village AI — Agentic Governance.