Ngā putanga katoa · Leadership Edition

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He aha i kore ai e ranea ngā ture me te whakangungu — Te wero o te whakahaere

Te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mō te whakamahere

I mua i tā tātou matapaki i te ariā o te whakahaere, me tīmata tātou ki tētahi tauira whaihua. (Mēnā he kupu kāore koe i te mōhio i roto i tēnei raupapa, kua whakamāramahia ki te reo māmā i te rārangi kupu.)

Ka tono tētahi kaimahi o te kaunihera ki tētahi pūnaha AI kia āwhina ki te tuhi tuatahi i tētahi reta ki ngā kainoho mō tētahi whakawhanaketanga e tūmanakotia ana i te taha o tētahi rohe tiaki taiao. He mārama tōna tono: e hiahia ana ia ki tētahi reo whai inenga e whakaae ana ki ngā āwangawanga o ngā kainoho, e whakamārama ana i te anga whakamahere, ā, e whakamārama ana hoki i te herenga a te kaunihera ki te aromatawai i ngā painga e whakataetae ana i te mārama. Ka tuhi āta ia i tana tono, ā, ka tatari.

Ka whakaputa te AI i tētahi reta kua hangaia pai. He mātau, he ngaio, ā, he āta whiriwhiria ngā kupu. E kōrero ana mō te "whakahaere i ngā tūmanako o ngā hunga whai pānga," te "whakatutuki i ngā aronga rautaki," te "whakamahi i ngā whai wāhitanga whakawhanaungatanga hapori," me te "whakarite i te kōrero whakawhanaketanga." He pānuitia hei tohu mātau. He āhua ngāio tōna reo. Ā, he tino hē katoa.

Ehara i te mea me whakahaere ngā tūmanako a ngā kainoho. Me mārama rātou ki ngā whakataunga a tō rātou kaunihera me ngā take i pērā ai. Kāore rātou e hiahia ana ki tētahi kōrero. Me whiwhi rātou i tētahi pūrongo mārama mō ngā whakaaro whakamahere, ngā whakaaturanga i whiwhia, me ngā take i muri i te whakataunga. I tono te kaimahi kia whai kawenga ā-iwi, ā, i hoatu e te AI ki a ia he whakahaere hunga whai pānga ā-pakihi — nā te mea he nui ake ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pakihi i roto i āna raraunga whakangungu, i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-iwi.

Kāore te AI i whakahē i te whakahau a te kaimahi. Kāore ia i kī, "Kāore au e mārama ana ki te kawenga tūmatanui." I whakakapi noa ia i tāna i tonoa ki tētahi mea i tino noa ake i āna raraunga whakangungu, arā, i runga i ngā tatauranga. He mea huna te whakakapi. Mēnā i pēhanga te āpiha i te wā, kāore rānei i te mātanga, rānei i whakawhirinaki rawa atu ki te AI i te nui atu i te tika, tērā pea kāore ia i kite. Ka tukuna te reta, ā, ka whiwhi ngā kainoho i tētahi karere i whakahaere i a rātou hei hunga whai pānga kia whakahaerehia, kaua hei hunga whenua kia ratongia.

Ka whakatika aunoa tō waea i ngā kupu. Ka kite koe i te raina whero i raro, ā, ka whakatika koe. Ka whakatika aunoa te AI i ngā uara. Ā, kāore he raina i raro.

Ina Neke ake ngā Tauira i ngā Uara

Ehara te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whakamahere i tētahi take motuhake. Ka mahi taua pūnaha anō i ia whakawhitinga ki te AI.

Ka pātai tētahi tangata whenua ki tētahi pūnaha AI mō ngā pārongo e pā ana ki tētahi take whakamahere uaua, ka huri te pūnaha ki te reo o ngā mana kaihoko takitahi — te whakawhānui amuamu, te huarahi ture, te anga whawhai — nā te mea koirā ngā mea e rangatira ana i āna raraunga whakangungu. Kāore ia e toro ki te reo o ngā hiahia hapori, o te whiriwhiringa ā-rōpū, me te tirohanga whānui e puta ana i te mōhio ka ārahi tēnei whakataunga i tētahi takiwā mō ngā tekau tau.

Ka tono te hēkeretari poari ki te AI kia āwhina ki te tuhi meneti, ka huri aunoa ki te reo poari ā-pakihi — "i tuhia e te poari," "i whakataua," "i tohua ngā tūtohu mahi" — nā te mea he nui ake ngā meneti ā-pakihi i ngā meneti whakahaere hapori i roto i āna raraunga whakangungu. Ka whakakōrorahia ngā āhuatanga matatini o te whiriwhiringa ā-hapori — arā, te tuhi i ngā whakahe, te tae ki tētahi whakataunga i runga i te āwangawanga, te mea he mea nui ngā take i whakaaro ai pērā i te whakataunga — ka whakakōrorahia ki te whai hua ā-pakihi.

Ehara i te mea e whakahē ana te AI i ngā uara ā-hapori. Kāore noa iho ia e mōhio hōhonu ana ki ēnei uara. E mōhio ana ia ki ngā mea e noa ana i ngā tatauranga, ā, ehara i ngā mea e noa ana i ngā tatauranga te mea tino hāngai mō ngā whakahaere e kawenga ana ki te tiaki i ō rātou hapori.

Koinei te raruraru whakahaere. Ehara i te kino. Ehara i te ngoikore. He whakawhē ā-hanganga, e mahi puku ana.

Ka Mahi te AI, ka Piki ngā Tūraru

I tika ngā kōrero katoa i runga ake nei i te wā i whakautu noa te AI. E ai ki tā te Tuhinga 1 i whakarārangi, kei te piki haere te mahi a te AI — ā, ka honoa tētahi whakakapi huna o te tauira tauhokohoko ki te haepapa ā-hapori ki tētahi mahi, kaua ki tētahi tuhi tuatahi, ka kaha ake te raruraru whakahaere i roto i ngā huarahi motuhake e toru e hāngai tika ana ki ngā āwangawanga whakawhirinaki me ngā āwangawanga whakahaere ture.

Kaore e taea te whakakore i ētahi mahi. Ka taea te whakatika i tētahi tuhi hē i mua i tōna tuku — he wā kei waenga i ngā hua a te AI me ngā hua ka puta. Mā tētahi māngai e tuku, e whakauru, e whakaputa, e whakahaere rānei i ngā mahi, ka whakakore i taua wā. I kitea e te āpiha i tā mātou tauira te reta ā-tari nā te mea i pānui tuatahi ia i taua reta. Mēnā i tukuna e tētahi māngai ki ngā kainoho i runga i tōna ake ingoa, kua aukatia taua whai wāhitanga māna — me te kaunihera hoki.

Ka pōraruraru te kawenga. Ina mahi tētahi māngai i runga i te ingoa o te whakahaere, ā, he hē te hua, ko wai te tangata kawenga? I tautuhia e tētahi āpiha te whāinga; i tīpako te pūnaha i ngā hikoinga; i hanga te pūnaha e te kaiwhakarato; i whakaaetia e te poari tōna whakamahinga. Ka whakamārama ngā kairangahau i tētahi "āputa haepapa" me tētahi "rohe pakaru matatika," i reira ka tau te haepapa ki te tangata tata, ahakoa he iti tōna mana whakahaere. Mō tētahi rōpū e kawenga ana i te haepapa tiaki, he hapa whakahaere te whiwhi i te haepapa mō ngā mahi kāore i whakaaetia e tētahi, ehara i te aitua.

Kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki te pūrongo a te pūnaha anō. Hei whai mana te tirotiro a te tangata — te mātāpono kei te ngākau o te Ture AI a te EU — me āhei te tangata ki te mārama, ā, ki te tika, ki te whakamutu i ngā mahi a te pūnaha. Engari, he huarahi tuwhera tō te kaiwhakahaere i roto i tētahi mahi maha-hipanga, ā, pēnei i tā te Tuhinga 1 i kī, kāore te pūrongo a te AI mō āna ake whakaaro e whakaata pono ana i ngā take i akiaki i āna mahi. Nā reira, me hanganga te tirotiro — me whakahaere ki runga i ngā mahi me ngā hua a te pūnaha, kaua e tuku ki tōna ake pūrongo.

Ehara ēnei kōrero i te whakahē i te AI e mahi ana. E kī ana ia, ko te tikanga i tika ai i te wā o ngā chatbot, he mea hiahiatia ināianei i te wā o ngā māngai: me tirotirohia ngā whanonga o te pūnaha mai i waho, me noho tonu he tangata whai kawenga kia taea te urutau, ā, me noho ki te hunga whai mana te kawenga mō ngā whakataunga whai pānga, kāore e taea te huri. Ko tērā te mea e whakamārama ana i te toenga o tēnei tuhinga.

He aha i kore ai e whakaoti i te raru ngā ture anō

Ko te pūmanawa o te nuinga o ngā whakahaere, i te wā e anga ana ki ngā tūraru o te AI, ko te tuhi kaupapa here. Ngā kaupapa here mō te whakamahinga e whakaaetia ana. Ngā aratohu matatika mō te AI. Ngā anga AI haepapa. Ngā tikanga mō ngā komiti tirotiro AI.

Ehara ēnei tuhinga i te mea kāore he uara, engari he here matua ā rātou: kei te whakawhirinaki rātou ki te pūnaha AI kia ū ki a rātou.

Kāore te pūnaha AI e pānui i tō kaupapa here mō te whakamahinga whakaaetia, ā, kāore ia e whakatau kia ū ki reira. Ka waihanga ia i ngā urupare e hāngai ana ki ngā tauira tatauranga kei roto i āna raraunga whakangungu. Ki te taupatupatu aua tauira ki tō kaupapa here, ka toa ngā tauira — ehara i te mea e whakahē ana te AI, engari nā te mea kāore ia e tukatuka kaupapa here. Ka tukatuka ia i ngā tauira.

Ka taea e koe te whakatikatika āta i tētahi tauira — te whakarerekē i tōna whakangungu kia whakakaha i ētahi whanonga. He āwhina tēnei, engari kāore e whakatau i te raru taketake. Ka tāpiri te whakatikatika āta i ngā tauira hou ki runga i ngā tauira o mua. I raro i te pēhanga, i ngā āhuatanga motuhake, i ngā pātai hou rānei, ka hoki mai anō ngā tauira tawhito. Ko te kupu hangarau mō tēnei ko te "catastrophic forgetting" (te wareware ohorere), engari he māmā ake te whakamārama: ka ngaro haere te whai hua o te whakangungu.

He rite te tuhi kaupapa here e kī ana, "Ka whakaute tō mātou AI i ngā uara o tō mātou hapori" ki te tuhi kaupapa here e kī ana, "Kāore tō mātou awa e waipuke." Kāore te awa e pānui i ngā kaupapa here. Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te aukati i te waipuke, me hanga ngā ārai awa — he whakarerekētanga hanganga e mahi ana ahakoa he aha ka mahia e te awa.

E hiahiatia ana taua huarahi kotahi mō te whakahaere AI. Ehara i ngā ture hei whai a te AI, engari he hanganga e mahi motuhake ana i waho i te AI, hei tirotiro i tōna whanonga mai i waho.

Ka mōhio te Ture AI o te EU ki tēnei mātāpono. Ehara i te mea e tono noa ana kia "matatika" ngā pūnaha AI — engari e tono ana mō ngā tuhinga hangarau, ngā aromatawai hāngai, ngā tikanga aroturuki a te tangata, me te aroturuki i muri i te hokohoko. I mārama ngā kaihanga o te Ture nei, kāore e ranea te wawata me kore he hanganga. Ko te pātai mō ngā rōpū whakahaere, mēnā e whakaata ana te whakamahinga o te AI e rātou i taua mōhiotanga anō.

Ngā Kōrero a te Mātāpono Whakahaere ki a Tātou

Ehara i te mea hou te māramatanga, kāore e taea te whakaiti i ētahi whakataunga ki ngā ture. He tūāpapa tēnei ki te mātāpono whakahaere.

I whakapau te tohunga whakaaro a Ludwig Wittgenstein i tōna mahi ki te torotoro i te rohe i waenga i ngā mea ka taea te kī tika, me ngā mea kei tua atu i te kī tika. Ko tana whakatau — arā, "mō ngā mea kāore e taea te kōrero, me noho puku" — he tino hāngai ki te whakahaere AI. Ka taea te whakarite pūnaha i ētahi pātai: he whakautu mārama tō te pātai "Ahea te hui ā-kaunihera e whai ake nei?" ka taea e tētahi AI te rapu. Kāore e taea ētahi atu: kei roto i te pātai "Me pēhea tā tātou tuku i tēnei whakataunga ki ngā kainoho kua pāngia?" ngā whakataunga, te horopaki, ngā hononga, me ngā uara e kore e taea te whakahaere mā te pūnaha.

Ko te rohe i waenga i ngā mea ka taea te tuku ki tētahi mīhini me ngā mea me noho ki ngā tāngata he tūāpapa mō te whakahaere AI e tika ana. Ehara te hē i te whakamahi i te AI mō te momo pātai tuatahi. Ko te hē, ko te tuku i te AI kia whakautu i te momo pātai tuarua me te kore he tirotiro a te tangata.

Ko Isaiah Berlin, te tohunga whakaaro tōrangapū, i kī he tino kore e taea te whakakotahi i ētahi uara ā-tangata — te rangatiratanga me te ōritetanga, te tikanga me te ahunga whakamua, ngā mana takitahi me te oranga ā-hapori. Kāore he tātai e whakatau ana i ēnei taumahatanga. Me hiahiatia tonu te whakataunga ā-tangata, te whiriwhiringa, me te momo mātauranga whaihua e whakawhanakehia ana e ngā rōpū whakahaere i roto i ngā tau maha o te mahi ki ā rātou hapori.

Ka ngana ngā pūnaha AI, i runga i tō rātou hoahoa, ki te whakapai ake. Ka rapu rātou i te whakautu pai rawa atu. Engari, ina tūturu te taupatupatu o ngā uara, kāore he whakautu pai rawa atu — kotahi noa te whakautu e whakatauria ana e tēnei hapori, i tēnei wā, i ēnei āhuatanga, hei mea tino tika. He mea tangata tūturu taua whakataunga, ā, ko tētahi anga whakahaere AI e whakapae ana he rerekē, ehara i te whakahaere — he tuku i te kawenga.

He tino whakaako te mahi a Elinor Ostrom mō te whakahaere i ngā rawa tūmatanui. I whakaatu a Ostrom ka taea e ngā hapori te whakahaere i ngā rauemi tiritahi kia angitu, me te kore whaiaro-tiritanga, me te kore mana whakahaere pokapū — engari anake mēnā ka hāngai ngā hanganga whakahaere ki te matatini o te rauemi e whakahaerehia ana. He rauemi tiritahi te AI i roto i tētahi whakahaere e whakamahi ana i a ia. Ko te pātai mēnā ka hāngai ngā hanganga whakahaere ki te matatini o te taputapu.

Me pēhea e Whakahaere ai a Village i te AI i runga i ngā Hanganga

Kāore a Village e whakawhirinaki ki te kī ki te AI kia whai whanonga. Ka whakauru ia i te whakahaere ki roto i te hanganga — he hanganga e mahi motuhake ana i te AI, ā, kāore e taea e ia te whakakore.

Te kaiwhakahaere rohe e aukati ana i te AI kia kaua e whakatau i ngā uara — ā, kia kaua hoki e mahi i ngā mahi whai hua motuhake. Ki te pātai e pā ana ki ngā whakawhitinga whaiaro, ngā whakataunga matatika, te horopaki ahurea rānei, ki te mahi rānei e whakawhiti ana ki te mahi i runga i te ingoa o te whakahaere, ka whakamutu te pūnaha, ka tukuna ki tētahi tangata — tō kaiwhakahaere, tō heamana, tō poari. Kāore e taea e te AI te whakakore i tēnei rohe, nā te mea kei waho o te mana whakahaere a te AI te whakahaere o te rohe. Koinei te āhua hanganga o te whakaritenga aroturuki ā-tangata o te Ture AI a te EU: kua whakaurua te wā hei whakauru, kāore i waiho kia tūpono noa.

Te pūnaha mauroa tohutohu e rokiroki ana i ngā tohutohu mārama a tō whakahaere ki tētahi pūnaha motuhake kāore e taea te whakarerekē e te AI. Ka whakaputa te AI i tētahi whakautu, ka tirotirohia tēnei ki ēnei tohutohu kua penapenahia. Mēnā ka whakahē te whakautu i tētahi tohutohu, ka whai mana ake te tohutohu — hei taunoa, ahakoa ngā tohu whakangungu a te AI.

Te kaiwhakau whakawhiti-tātari ka tirotiro i ngā hua me ngā mahi kua tūtohutia e te AI ki ngā pūrongo tūturu a tō whakahaere. Kāore ia e pātai ki te AI mēnā he tika tōna whakautu — he mea tēnei e tono ana kia whakamana te pūnaha i a ia anō, ā, pēnei i kīia i te Tuhinga 1, kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki te whakamārama a te AI mō āna ake whakaaro hei whakaata i ngā take i akiaki i te whakautu. Nō reira, ka whakakore te kaiwhakamana i te pūrongo a te pūnaha anō. Ka whakamahi ia i te ine pāngarau, e mahi ana i runga i tētahi huarahi tino rerekē i te AI, hei whakatau mēnā e ū ana te whakautu ki ngā ihirangi tūturu o tō hapori. Ka tirotiro ia i te mahi, ehara i te whakamārama.

Te kaitirotiro pēhanga horopaki e mātaki ana i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere kua heke iho te kounga — arā, ngā wā e taumaha ana te AI, e tukatuka ana i ngā tono matatini, me te wā e tutaki ana ki ngā pātai hou. Ka kitea ēnei āhuatanga, ka whakapiki ia i te kaha o te whakamana. Ko te uaua ake o te pātai, ko te nui ake o te arotakenga ka whiwhi te whakautu.

Ehara ēnei i ngā kaupapa here. He hanganga ēnei. Ka mahi ēnei ahakoa mēnā ka hāngai ngā tauira a te AI ki ēnei, pērā i te mahi a tētahi ārai wai ahakoa mēnā ka mahi ngātahi te awa ki a ia.

Te Rerekētanga i Waenga i te Manakohanga me te Hanganga

He maha ngā whakahaere e whakaputa ana i ngā tauākī matatika AI. Kāore a Village e whakawhirinaki ki ngā tauākī matatika. Ka whakawhirinaki ia ki ngā here hanganga e whakatinana ana i te whakahaere ā-tū.

He mea nui tēnei wehewehenga nā te mea ko te wawata he mea e tūmanakohia ana kia puta. Ko te hanganga he mea e puta ana tūturu. Kāore tō whakawhirinaki e whakawhirinaki ki te tūmanako ka whakahaere tika te kaiwhakahaere pūtea i ngā pūtea — me rua ngā kaituhi ingoa, me te arotake motuhake. Koinei te whakahaere hanganga. Ka hāngai anō tēnei mātāpono ki te AI.

Mō ngā rōpū whakahaere, ka hāngai tika tēnei wehewehenga ki ngā whakaritenga ture. Kāore te Ture AI o te EU e whakaae he whakaaro pai tō te kaiwhakarato — e hiahiatia ana ngā ārai hangarau e taea te whakaatu, te rēhitatanga, me ngā tikanga aroturuki a te tangata. He tūnga rerekē rawa atu tō te whakahaere e taea ana te whakaatu i te whakahaere hanganga o tōna AI i roto i ngā whakaritenga ture, i tōna tūnga ki tētahi e tohu noa ana ki tētahi tuhinga kaupapa here.

Te Anga Tractatus — Mārama, Tuwhera hoki

Ko te hanganga whakahaere kei muri i te Village AI e kīia ana ko te anga Tractatus. He mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā mea e toru mō tēnei.

He tuwhera. Kua whakaputaina te anga katoa i raro i tētahi raihana puna tuwhera. Ka taea e te tangata katoa te pānui i te waehere, te tirotiro i ngā ture, me te whakamana kei mahi te whakahaere i ngā mea e kī ana ia. He rerekē tēnei ki te whakahaere AI a ngā Kamupene Nui, i reira he ture motuhake, ā, kāore ngā take i whakapuaki. Ina kī atu tētahi kaiwhakarato AI matua ki a koe kua "tūhonohono tō rātou pūnaha ki ngā uara ā-tangata," kāore he huarahi āu ki te whakamana i taua kī. Mā Tractatus, ka taea e koe te pānui i ia rārangi.

He mārama. Ka tuhia ngā whakatau whakahaere katoa. Ina aukati te kaiwhakahaere rohe i te AI kia kaua e whakatau i runga i ngā uara, ka tuhia taua take. Ina kitea e te kaiwhakau whakataurite he hapa, ka tuhia. Ka taea e ō kaiwhakahaere me ō kaiwhakahaere matua te kite tika i ngā mahi a te pūnaha whakahaere me ngā take i mahia ai. Kāore he paparanga huna e whakahaeretia ai ngā whakataunga me te kore kawenga. Mō ngā whakahaere e pāngia ana e ngā herenga mō te herekore o ngā pārongo, ngā whakaritenga kawenga tūmatanui rānei, he tino hāngai tēnei āheinga arotake.

Ka taea te whakarite. Ehara te anga i te huinga ture mārō i whakahuatia mai i waho. Ka taea e ngā whakahaere te hanga i te whakahaere kia whakaata i ā rātou ake aronga matua. He herenga rerekē, he āwangawanga rerekē, he rohe rerekē ā tētahi kaunihera ā-rohe me tētahi whakawhirinaki hapori. Ka tautoko te anga Tractatus i tēnei — ehara i te mea mā te tuku i ngā whakahaere kia whakangāwari i te whakahaere, engari mā te tuku i a rātou kia tautuhi he aha ngā mea e tiakina ana e te whakahaere. Te ture whakahaere o tō whakahaere, tō anga uara, ō here whakahaere — e whakatinanahia ana ā-hanganga, ehara i te mea kua tuhia noa iho.

Kei te wātea te anga katoa, tae atu ki ngā rangahau kei muri i a ia, i agenticgovernance.digital. Ehara i te mea me pānui koe i tēnei kia whakamahi ai i te Village — ka mahi tonu te whakahaere ahakoa kāore koe i te tirotiro i a ia. Engari, mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te mārama tika ki te āhua e whakahaerehia ana tō AI, mehemea rānei me whakaatu koe i tō ū ki ngā ture ki tētahi rōpū whakahaere, kei te tuwhera te kuaha.

I te tuhinga e whai ake nei, ka tirohia e mātou ngā mahi a Village AI i te ao tūturu i ēnei rā — ngā āwhina ka taea e ia ki tō whakahaere, me pēhea e arohia ai te hēhē mā te pūnaha kupu, me ngā mea kei te whakawhanake tonu.

E hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi pai, kia haumaru hoki i ngā taputapu AI pēnei i ēnei? Mā ā mātou akoranga kore utu — Working with Claude me Agents at Work — e whakaako ana i ngā pūkenga whaihua. Mō te hanganga whakahaere katoa kei muri i te Village AI, tirohia Village AI — Agentic Governance.